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  Fat and Solids-not-fat (SNF) means the Total solids minus Fat in milk. The SNF of milk plays an important role in physico-chemical, sensory, textural characteristics and also the shelf life of any milk sweets. The SNF contains Protein, Milk sugar, Non- protein nitrogenous substances, Phosphates, Citrates and Chlorides of Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium ,Potassium ,traces of Iron, Iodine, Copper and Vitamins, Pigments Bacteria etc., The protein and sugar are major components of SNF. Protein on SNF content of milk The level of protein in milk is a variable component. Reduction in the level of Protein in milk may result from underfeeding with concentrates (Protein), intake of poor quality forage, failure to balance the ration for protein and minerals. Shifting rumen fermentation towards propionic acid increase milk protein and decrease fat content in milk. However feeding excessive dietary protein does not increase milk protein, as most of the excess protein nitrogen is excrete...

The Fat and Solid-not -fat (SNF ) contents in cow milk are the two important constituents . The price of milk and consumer’s interest varies with milk components especially fat and solid -not- fat which may directly affect the farm income . The above factors not only fetches more profit but also indicates the Health and Nutrition of cows. The Fat and SNF usually form the basis of payment to milk producers in India. Further , the composition of milk particularly the Fat has greater importance for dairy industry and the composition of raw milk determines the nutritive value and technological properties of milk and milk products. Knowing the composition of milk also helps to assess the adulteration and quality of milk for consumers and milk processing industries. The Fat content in Holsein Freisian, Jersey and their crosses range from 3.4 to 4.5 %. While the milk of Holsein Freisian has 3.4 % fat, milk of indigenous cows of India like Red Sindhi, Shahiwal, Tharparker, Gir res...